To
help manage your diabetes, here are some dietary
advices for you
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Eat regular meals and spread them evenly
throughout the day
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Eat a diet lower in fat, particularly saturated
fat
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If you take insulin or diabetes tablets, you may
need to have between meal snacks
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All people with diabetes should see an
Accredited Dietitian in conjunction with their
diabetes team for personal advice.
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Energy balance
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Matching the amount of food you eat with the
amount of energy you burn through activity and
exercise
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Being overweight or obese can make it difficult
to manage your diabetes and diabetes
complications including heart disease, stroke
and cancer.
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It is advised for all individuals to lose weight
if you are overweight or obese.
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Limit foods high in energy such as take away
foods, cakes, sugar sweetened drinks and
cookies.
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Being active has many benefits. Along with
healthy eating, regular physical activity can
help you to manage your blood glucose levels,
optimize blood lipids and maintain a healthy
weight.
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Fat
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Eating too much fat can make you put on weight
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It is important to limit saturated fat because
it raises your LDL (‘bad’) cholesterol levels.
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Avoid saturates are to limit intakes of fatty
meat, whole-fat milk, butter and cheese,
saturated vegetable fats such as palm oil, snack
foods or convenience foods, and coconut
products. Choose lean meat and trim any fat off
before cooking, and remove the skin from
chicken, duck and other poultry.
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Choose oils rich in polyunsaturated fats such as
sunflower, safflower, soybean, corn, grapeseed
and canola oils as your cooking oils. You can
also choose oils rich in monounsaturated fats
including olive oils. Seeds and nuts are also
good for your heart.
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Eat more fish (at least three times a week)
because it contains a special type of fat
(omega-3) that is good for your heart.
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Carbohydrate
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Carbohydrate foods play an important role in our
diet. They are the best energy source for your
body, especially your brain.
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Of the three key nutrients in our food – fat,
protein and carbohydrate, carbohydrate is the
nutrient that will have the biggest impact on
your blood glucose levels. If you eat regular
meals and spread your carbohydrate foods evenly
throughout the day, you will help maintain your
energy levels without causing large rises in
your blood glucose levels. If you take insulin
or diabetes tablets, you may need to have
between meal snacks. Discuss this with your
doctor, dietitian or Credentialled Diabetes
Educator.
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For good health, carbohydrate intake from
vegetables, fruits, whole grains, legumes, and
dairy products should be advised over intake
from other carbohydrate sources, especially
those that contain added fats, sugars, or
sodium. The type of carbohydrate you eat is very
important as some can cause higher blood glucose
after eating. The best ones are those with ample
amount of fiber
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Limit high energy foods such as sweets, and
standard soft drinks.
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Small amounts of sugar as part of a balanced
meal plan shouldn’t have a large effect on blood
glucose levels. However sweeteners such as Equal
and Splenda can be used in place of sugar. Foods
and drinks that have been sweetened with an
alternative sweetener, such as diet soft drinks.
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Protein
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Protein foods are needed by the body for growth
and repair. Protein does not break down into
glucose, so it does not directly raise blood
glucose levels. Recommended main protein foods
are Meats, chicken, fish, & tofu and eggs
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Micronutrients and herbal supplements
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There is no clear evidence of benefit from
vitamin or mineral supplementation in people
with diabetes who do not have underlying
deficiencies
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Routine supplementation with antioxidants, such
as vitamins E and C and carotene, is not advised
because of lack of evidence of efficacy and
concern
related to long-term safety.
疾病飲食原則(英文版)